The Psychology Behind Cravings: What’s Really Going On?

Food Cravings Explained: The Hidden Causes of Sugar, Salt, and Carb Cravings (and How to Take Control)

You’ve had a long, stressful day. You’re not even that hungry, but suddenly, you need something sweet, salty, or crunchy. You know it’s not about actual hunger, but you feel powerless to resist. Sound familiar?

Cravings aren’t just about willpower—or lack of it. They’re deeply tied to your brain, hormones, emotions, and past experiences. So, if you’ve ever wondered why you crave certain foods (or why cravings hit at the worst times), let’s break it down.

1. The Brain Chemistry of Cravings

Your brain is wired for survival. Thousands of years ago, quick energy (like sweet, carb-heavy foods) meant fuel for survival. Today, that same instinct kicks in—not because we’re starving, but because our brains associate certain foods with comfort and quick relief.

When you eat something sugary or carb-rich, your dopamine levels spike—this is the “feel-good” neurotransmitter that reinforces behaviors. The more often you reach for sweets when stressed, the stronger that habit loop becomes.

Craving sugar after dinner? That might be a dopamine-driven habit, not real hunger.

2. Stress, Cortisol & Emotional Eating

Your adrenal glands release cortisol in response to stress. And guess what cortisol does? It increases cravings for high-carb, high-fat foods because your body thinks you need quick energy to "escape" the stressor.

Ever wonder why you crave junk food after a hard day? That’s your stress response in action.

👉 The fix: Instead of automatically reaching for food, pause and check in with yourself. Is this real hunger, or is it emotional? Deep breathing, a short walk, or even a glass of water can disrupt the stress-craving cycle.

3. Nutrient Deficiencies & Cravings

Your body is incredibly intelligent. Sometimes cravings signal a real nutrient deficiency:

  • Chocolate cravings? You might be low in magnesium.
  • Salty food cravings? You could be dehydrated or need more minerals.
  • Sugar cravings? Blood sugar imbalance or gut dysbiosis could be at play.

If your cravings are relentless, it’s worth looking at your overall nutrient intake rather than just blaming lack of willpower.

4. The Gut-Brain Connection & Food Addictions

Your gut bacteria influence what you crave. Bad gut bacteria thrive on sugar, so if your microbiome is out of balance, it can literally make you crave sugar to keep itself alive.

Signs this might be happening:
✔ Constant sugar cravings
✔ Bloating and digestive issues
✔ Fatigue after eating

A gut-healing approach (probiotics, fiber-rich foods, reducing processed sugar) can help reduce these signals over time.

5. The Restriction-Rebellion Cycle

Ever notice how the moment you tell yourself you “can’t” have something, you want it even more? That’s psychological reactance—the brain’s way of rebelling against restriction.

If you’ve ever gone on a strict diet and found yourself obsessing over foods you "can’t have," you know exactly what this feels like. This is why extreme dieting often leads to bingeing.

👉 The fix: Instead of labeling foods “good” or “bad,” focus on nourishment. The more you fuel your body with real, whole foods, the fewer intense cravings you’ll have.

How to Take Back Control of Cravings

Cravings don’t mean you’re weak—they’re messages from your body and brain. Instead of fighting them, try these steps:

1️⃣ Pause & check in – Are you truly hungry, or is this stress, boredom, or habit?
2️⃣
Balance your meals – Prioritize protein, healthy fats, and fiber to prevent blood sugar crashes.
3️⃣
Support your gut – A healthy gut means fewer sugar-driven cravings.
4️⃣
Hydrate & mineralize – Sometimes cravings are just dehydration or mineral depletion.
5️⃣
Manage stress – More relaxation = fewer cortisol-induced cravings.

Food cravings are normal, but when they feel out of control, there’s usually an underlying imbalance driving them. The good news? Once you understand what’s really happening, you can shift from feeling powerless to taking back control.

What’s your biggest struggle with cravings? Drop a comment below—I’d love to hear your experience! 👇

And if you want more deep dives on food psychology, gut health, and balanced nutrition, follow me on IG & FB for daily insights. 💛


Don't Miss Out!

Heidi Toy Functional Medicine Blog

By Heidi Toy June 14, 2025
Did you know most people didn’t have refrigerators in their homes until well into the 1900’s? It wasn’t even invented for large scale commercial use until the mid 1800’s [1]. So how did people keep their milk cold and make their food last longer? Fermentation. It sounds like a gross concept, because we often associate fermentation with a bad odor, but foods like cheese, yogurt, sauerkraut and pickles are all fermented foods. And those aren’t gross, are they? Well, some might disagree with me about sauerkraut, but that’s beside the point. Fermented foods are digestive aids. Microscopic living organisms in fermented foods help extend the food’s shelf life, enhance flavor, and help the body absorb minerals. These organisms pre-digest the food, getting rid of harmful components, and create more vitamins and enzymes than the food began with. Enzyme-rich foods have many benefits including [2]: Increase digestibility of food we eat Boost immune system Increase alkalinity; neutralizing pH levels Provide a healthy balance of friendly flora in the gut (Learn more about your microbiome in my other blog posts ) Tone the colon and help with elimination Control cravings for unhealthier foods Eliminate toxins and undigested wastes in the body In the “old days,” people use to ferment all kinds of foods through pickling, canning, pasteurization and added salt. Nowadays, however, large scale fermentation has lost many of its nutritious benefits due to the need for speed to get the product on the shelf as fast as possible and as cheap as possible. The only true fermented foods you will find are sauerkraut, kombucha, yogurt and kefir, beans, wine and beer, some meats (such as salami and pastrami), legumes and nuts (such as tofu, soy sauce and miso), sourdough bread, and various kinds of vegetables [3]. Fun facts about sauerkraut: The Germans “stole” it from the Chinese! Sauerkraut (probably not labeled as such for the Chinese, but the same recipe) was one of the main foods for those who built the Great Wall of China. Genghis Khan brought it to Eastern Europe during an invasion. It also contains high levels of vitamin C, and sailors often took it on long journeys to prevent scurvy.
By Heidi Toy May 14, 2025
How can we best keep blood sugar stable? Do what our body is designed to do – use fat for energy. Our species did not survive the Ice Age because of vanilla coffee lattes and cheesecake. Throughout most of our history, we ate a diet that was likely 50-70 percent fat. Look at the old family photo albums, specifically pictures of people in the first half of the 1900s, before we had so many processed foods. You won’t see many fat people--in fact, most look darn skinny. If they lived on the farm, they ate lots of eggs, meat, milk, and vegetables out of their own backyards. “Diet foods” were non-existent. Heart disease was almost non-existent. Our metabolism is designed to work much better with fats better than with sugar. Fats provide the slow and steady fuel our body likes to use for energy. Think of fats as a slow-burning log on the fire. One log (i.e. one meal containing fats) lasts for hours. Starchy carbs, on the flip side, are like kindling. You constantly have to throw more twigs (chips, pasta, bagels) to keep the fire burning. The first step is to know your sugars by reading the labels, and then avoid said sugars as much as possible.
By Heidi Toy May 1, 2025
How Stabilizing Blood Sugar Can Help Put Autoimmune Conditions into Remission and Promote Healing
By Heidi Toy April 14, 2025
Omega-3 and Omega-6 are considered “essential” fatty acids because they cannot be produced by the body--we get them from the food we eat. They are biologically active upon ingestion, which means the body utilizes them right away and cannot store them up for later. They are essential because they help with both inflammatory and anti-inflammatory responses.
By Heidi Toy March 14, 2025
Kill the Candida!
By Heidi Toy March 14, 2025
Hangover or Too Much Yeast?
By Heidi Toy February 28, 2025
Why Did I Get Candida and How Can I be Sure?
By Heidi Toy February 17, 2025
Discover How CoQ10 Supports Heart Health, Energy Levels, and More—Especially During Heart Health Month.
Candida yeast overgrowth
By Heidi Toy February 14, 2025
Good Yeast, Bad Yeast
By Heidi Toy February 5, 2025
Valentine's Day is the perfect opportunity to show your love with thoughtful gifts that align with your partner's Paleo lifestyle.
More Posts